Hallmark Findings

Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation


· Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)

Antiplatelet Antibodies


· idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Arachnodactyly


· Marfan’s

Aschoff Bodies


· rheumatic fever

Auer Rods


· acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML type M3)

Autosplenectomy


· sickle cell anemia

Babinski


· UMN lesion

Basophilic Stippling of RBCs


· lead poisoning

Bence Jones Protein


· multiple myeloma free light chains (either kappa or lambda)

· Waldenstrom’s macroglobinemia

Birbeck Granules


· histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)

Blue Bloater


· Chronic Bronchitis

Boot-Shaped Heart


· Tetralogy of Fallot

Bouchard’s Nodes


· osteoarthritis (PIP)

Boutonniere’s Deformity


· rheumatoid arthritis

Brown Tumor


· hyperparathyroidism

Brushfield Spots


· Down’s

Call-Exner Bodies


· granulosa cell tumor

Cardiomegaly with Apical Atrophy


· Chagas’ Disease

Chancre


· 1 ° Syphilis

Chancroid


· Haemophilus ducreyi

Charcot Triad


· multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech)

Charcot-Leyden Crystals


· bronchial asthma

Cheyne-Stokes Breathing


· cerebral lesion

Chocolate Cysts


· endometriosis

Chvostek’s Sign


· Hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany

Clue Cells


· Gardnerella vaginitis

Codman’s Triangle


· osteosarcoma

Cold Agglutinins


· Mycoplasma pneumoniae
· infectious mononucleosis

Condyloma Lata


· 2 ° Syphilis

Cotton Wool Spots


· HTN

Councilman Bodies


· dying hepatocytes

Crescents In Bowman’s Capsule


· rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis)

Currant-Jelly Sputum


· Klebsiella

Curschmann’s Spirals


· bronchial asthma

Depigmentation Of Substantia Nigra


· Parkinson’s

Donovan Bodies


· granuloma inguinale (STD)

Eburnation


· osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)

Ectopia Lentis


· Marfan’s

Erythema Chronicum Migrans


· Lyme Disease

Fatty Liver


· Alcoholism

Ferruginous Bodies


· asbestosis

Ghon Focus / Complex


· Tuberculosis (1 ° & 2 ° , respectively)

Gower’s Maneuver


· Duchenne’s MD use of arms to stand

Heberden’s Nodes


· Osteoarthritis (DIP)

Heinz Bodies


· G6PDH Deficiency

Hemorrhagic Urticaria


· Henoch-Schonlein

Heterophil Antibodies


· infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

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· infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

Hirano Bodies


· Alzheimer’s

Hypersegmented PMNs


· Megaloblastic anemia

Hypochromic Microcytic RBCs


· iron-deficiency anemia

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction


· Syphilis over-aggressive treatment of an asymptomatic pt. that causes symptoms 2° to rapid lysis

Joint Mice


· osteoarthritis (fractured osteophytes)

Kaussmaul Breathing


· acidosis

Keratin Pearls


· SCCA

Keyser-Fleischer Ring


· Wilson’s

Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules


· diabetic nephropathy

Koilocytes


· HPV

Koplik Spots


· measles

Lewy Bodies


· Parkinson’s (eosinophilic inclusions in damaged substantia nigra cells)

Lines of Zahn


· arterial thrombus

Lisch Nodules


· neurofibromatosis (von Recklinhausen’s disease)

Lumpy-Bumpy IF Glomeruli


· poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

McBurney’s Sign


· appendicitis (McBurney’s Point is 2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to anterior superior iliac spine)

Michealis-Gutmann Bodies


· Malakoplakia

Monoclonal Antibody Spike


· multiple myeloma this is called the M protein (usually IgG or IgA)
· MGUS

Myxedema


· hypothyroidism

Negri Bodies


· rabies

Neuritic Plaques


· Alzheimer’s

Neurofibrillary Tangles


· Alzheimer’s

Non-pitting Edema


· Myxedema
· Anthrax Toxin

Notching of Ribs


· Coarctation of Aorta

Nutmeg Liver


· CHF

Painless Jaundice


· pancreatic CA (head)

Pannus


· rheumatoid arthritis

Pautrier’s Microabscesses


· mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)

Philadelphia Chromosome


· CML
· ALL

Pick Bodies


· Pick’s Disease

Pink Puffer


· Emphysema Centroacinar – smoking Panacinar - a1-antitrypsin deficiency

Podagra


· gout (MP joint of hallux)

Port-Wine Stain


· Hemangioma

Posterior Anterior Drawer Sign
Hemangioma

Posterior Anterior Drawer Sign


· tearing of the ACL

Psammoma Bodies


· Papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid
· Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary
· Meningioma
· Mesothelioma

Pseudohypertrophy


· Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Punched-Out Bone Lesions


· multiple myeloma

Rash on Palms & Soles


· 2° Syphilis
· RMSF

Red Morning Urine


· paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Reed-Sternberg Cells


· Hodgkin’s Disease

Reid Index Increased


· chronic bronchitis

Reinke Crystals


· Leydig cell tumor

Rouleaux Formation


· multiple myeloma RBC’s stacked as poker chips

S3 Heart Sound


· L®R Shunt (VSD, PDA)
· Mitral Regurg
· LV Failure

S4 Heart Sound


· Pulmonary Stenosis
· Pulmonary HTN

Schwartzman Reaction


· Neisseria meningitidis impressive rash with bugs

Simian Crease


· Down’s

Smith Antigen


· SLE (also anti-dsDNA)

Soap Bubble on X-Ray


· giant cell tumor of bone

Spike & Dome Glomeruli


· membranous glomerulonephritis

String Sign on X-ray


· Crohn’s bowel wall thickening

Target Cells


· Thalassemia

Tendinous Xanthomas


· Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Thyroidization of Kidney


· chronic pyelonephritis

Tophi


· gout

Tram-Track Glomeruli


· membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Trousseau’s Sign


· visceral ca, classically pancreatic (migratory thrombophlebitis)
· hypocalcemia (carpal spasm)

These are two entirely different disease processes and different signs, but they unfortunately have the same name.

Virchow’s Node


· supraclavicular node enlargement by metastatic carcinoma of the stomach

Warthin-Finkeldey Giant Cells


· Measles

WBC Casts


· pyelonephritis

Wire Loop Glomeruli


· lupus nephropathy, type IV

­ AFP in amniotic fluid or mother’s serum


· Spina Bifida
· Anencephaly

­ Uric Acid


· Gout
· Lesch Nyhan
· Myeloproliferative Disorders
· Diuretics (Loop & Thiazides)

¯ FEV1/FVC


· COPD